Developer Mix Ratio
Lift level is determined by developer volume, but the ratio of color to developer affects consistency and processing time. A 1:1 mix uses equal parts by weight for full lift; a 1:2 mix (one part color to two parts developer) reduces lift and is commonly used for toning or fine hair.
How to calculate: Weigh the color and developer separately. For a 1:2 ratio, if you use 30 g of color, mix with 60 g of developer. Using weight instead of volume eliminates air bubbles and ensures predictable, repeatable results.
— Passing Exam Hairdresser Math Cheat Sheet